Trekking poles are a hiker’s best friend – until they’re not. Many people assume that simply holding a pair of poles is enough to make hiking easier, but in reality, improper use can lead to inefficient movement, unnecessary fatigue, and even injuries. Used correctly, trekking poles improve stability, distribute weight more evenly across the body, and reduce stress on the knees. But when used incorrectly, they can become more of a burden than a benefit.
Trekking Poles Are More Than Just Walking Sticks

Hikers often think of trekking poles as nothing more than support tools for rough terrain, but their benefits extend far beyond that. Proper use of trekking poles helps propel you forward, improving efficiency on uphill climbs. They take strain off your lower body, allowing for longer hikes with less fatigue. They even serve as emergency tools, from protecting against aggressive wildlife to acting as supports for lightweight trekking pole tents. The key, however, is in using them the right way.
The Mistake Most People Make With the Straps

One of the most overlooked mistakes hikers make is how they use the wrist straps. Most people slide their hands through the straps from the top, which might seem logical but actually puts their thumbs at risk if they fall. A better approach is to insert the hand from the bottom, then grip over the strap. This technique allows for a quicker release in case of a stumble while also distributing some of the weight across the strap rather than just through the fingers.
Why Pole Placement Is Everything

A common sight on the trails is hikers placing their poles too far ahead of them or too far apart. This leads to inefficient movement and unnecessary strain. Ideally, trekking poles should be positioned close to shoulder width and placed slightly behind the feet when walking on flat terrain or inclines. This ensures they push the hiker forward rather than act as an unstable support. Poor placement reduces effectiveness and can actually slow a hiker down rather than aiding their stride.
Downhill Strategy: The Key to Injury Prevention

Going downhill presents a unique challenge. Many hikers either use their poles too late or place them too wide apart, which can cause a slip rather than prevent one. The safest way to descend is to plant the trekking pole before stepping forward, ensuring a solid point of contact with the ground before committing weight to the step. For mild slopes, alternating poles with each step works well, but for steep descents, placing both poles widely ahead and stepping down carefully provides maximum stability.
Adjusting the Pole Length for Different Terrain

One-size-fits-all does not apply to trekking poles. Many hikers fail to adjust their poles properly for changing terrain. The ideal setup is a 90-degree bend in the elbow when standing on flat ground, but this changes when ascending or descending. Shortening poles slightly when climbing uphill allows for better leverage, while lengthening them for downhill sections provides more stability. Sticking to a fixed length throughout a hike can lead to unnecessary strain and inefficient movement.
Why Opposite Foot and Pole Movement is Crucial

Beginners often make the mistake of using their trekking pole on the same side as their active foot. This creates an unbalanced rhythm and limits the effectiveness of the poles. Instead, hikers should place their pole opposite their active foot, ensuring greater stability and balance. This cross-body movement mimics natural walking patterns and makes for a smoother, more energy-efficient hike.
Ditch the Rubber Caps—But Only When Needed

Rubber caps on trekking pole tips might seem like a good idea, but they aren’t meant for general hiking use. They are primarily for paved roads, where metal tips could be too slippery. On dirt trails, gravel, or rocky terrain, metal carbide tips provide much better traction. The same goes for baskets – keeping them on in dry conditions is unnecessary, but they are crucial in mud and snow to prevent poles from sinking too deep.
Trekking Poles as a Multi-Use Tool

While their primary function is stability, trekking poles have a surprising number of alternative uses. They can serve as supports for ultralight tents, provide defense against aggressive animals, and even act as splints in emergency first aid situations. Some hikers have even used them to create makeshift shelters or river crossings. Their versatility makes them an essential piece of gear beyond just walking support.
The Long-Term Benefit: Protecting Your Knees

Many hikers don’t think about joint health until they start experiencing pain. One of the biggest advantages of trekking poles is their ability to reduce impact on the knees, especially on descents. By taking some of the weight off the lower body, poles help distribute force more evenly, allowing hikers to cover longer distances without excessive strain. This makes a significant difference for those looking to stay active into their 60s, 70s, and beyond.
Are Trekking Poles Always Necessary?

While trekking poles offer undeniable benefits, there are times when they might not be necessary. For short, casual hikes on flat terrain, they can be more of a hindrance than a help. Some experienced hikers even argue that using poles all the time can cause over-reliance, weakening the natural stabilizing muscles of the legs. That said, for steep terrain, long hikes, or those prone to knee pain, trekking poles remain an invaluable tool.
Mastering the Art of Trekking Poles

Trekking poles are more than just accessories – they are tools that, when used correctly, can transform the hiking experience. Proper grip, positioning, and technique make the difference between simply carrying poles and actually using them to enhance balance, efficiency, and endurance. So the next time you hit the trail, ask yourself: are you using your trekking poles the right way, or are they just dead weight in your hands?

Raised in a small Arizona town, Kevin grew up surrounded by rugged desert landscapes and a family of hunters. His background in competitive shooting and firearms training has made him an authority on self-defense and gun safety. A certified firearms instructor, Kevin teaches others how to properly handle and maintain their weapons, whether for hunting, home defense, or survival situations. His writing focuses on responsible gun ownership, marksmanship, and the role of firearms in personal preparedness.